Magne Bergland works in the University of Bergen’s IT division. He has been a member of The Tolkien Society and Arthedain — The Tolkien Society of Norway — since the 1980s. He was for several years editor of Angerthas, the journal of Arthedain. Previous Tolkien-related work includes several papers and talks in Norwegian, as well as a paper for the conference Tolkien 2005: The ring goes ever on.